FIG PUBLICATION NO. 49 2ND EDITION
Cost Effective GNSS Positioning Techniques
FIG Commission 5 Publication
Editors:
Dr. Neil D. Weston, United States
Prof. Dr. Volker Schwieger, Germany
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Most surveyors today are aware that data acquisition, management, analysis,
presentation and controlling systems are becoming more elaborate and
automated. The International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) Commission 5 –
Positioning and Measurement, has been and remains an essential part of the
surveying community’s growth and development. During the past two decades,
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have and continue to play an
increasingly important role in positioning and navigation. FIG enhances this
development by facilitating GNSS sessions at their conferences, encouraging
GNSS research and education, and cooperating with sister organisations such
as the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) in the respective domain.
Additionally, FIG is also trying to integrate GNSS surveying as a base and
starting point for land administration as well as cadastral registration,
especially in developing countries regarding property evidence. This is one
of the major reasons why FIG is looking at cost-effective technologies and
techniques for enabling surveyors in developing countries to use the best
equipment at a reasonable price. This Technical Report is the 2nd edition of
Publication No. 49 and builds upon the original document released in 2010
with the help of Special Study Group “Cost-Effective GNSS” within the
Working Group 5.4 “GNSS”. In 2014 the Report was updated due to new
technical developments. As Chair of FIG Commission 5 – Positioning and
Measurement, I thank Dr. Neil Weston, National Geodetic Survey, USA and
Prof. Volker Schwieger, University of Stuttgart, Germany for their efforts
in compiling and updating this report.
Mikael Lilje
Chair FIG Commission 5
March, 2014
Read the full FIG Publication 49 2nd
edition in pdf
Copyright © The International Federation of Surveyors (FIG)
2014., May 2014
All rights reserved
International Federation of Surveyors (FIG)
Kalvebod Brygge 31–33
DK-1780 Copenhagen V
DENMARK
Tel. + 45 38 86 10 81
E-mail: FIG@FIG.net
www.fig.net
Published in English
Copenhagen, Denmark
ISSN 1018-6530 (printed)
ISSN 2311-8423 (pdf)
ISBN 978-87-92853-18-9 (printed)
ISBN 978-87-92853-19-6 (pdf)
Published by
International Federation of Surveyors (FIG)
Front cover: Front cover photos: GPS IIR satellite, u-blox antenna on pillar
(©IIGS)
Design: International Federation of Surveyors, FIG and Lagarto
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